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	<title>Maite Leon</title>
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		<title>Portfolio review: an outside perspective makes all the difference</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/portfolio-review-an-outside-perspective-makes-all-the-difference/</link>
					<comments>https://maiteleon.com/portfolio-review-an-outside-perspective-makes-all-the-difference/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Apr 2026 17:08:32 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Artists]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[architecture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flowink Myst]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[illustration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Maite Leon]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[By Maite Leon, artist, illustrator &#38; portfolio reviewer You’ve spent hours, perhaps weeks, gathering your work, choosing your photos and writing your artist statement. And...]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h5><em>By Maite Leon, artist, illustrator &amp; portfolio reviewer</em></h5>
<p>You’ve spent hours, perhaps weeks, gathering your work, choosing your photos and writing your artist statement. And yet, when someone reads your portfolio, you’re not there to explain, guide or put things in context. The document has to speak for you, but: does it really say what you want to communicate? Does it showcase your work sufficiently?</p>
<p>This is where portfolio review comes in. It is not a spell-check, nor just a friendly opinion, but a critical, professional and supportive review of your artistic portfolio, much like a jury, a gallery owner or a residency programme director would provide.</p>
<h3>What your portfolio says about you</h3>
<p>When I receive a portfolio, I read it all at once, as if I were an outside reader who doesn’t know you and knows nothing about your work. This initial, fresh perspective is very useful, because it allows me to analyse these key points:</p>
<h4>Overall coherence</h4>
<p>A portfolio is not an overview of all your work. It is a selection that should tell a story and create a sense of unity. Can the viewer grasp your artistic vision from the very first pages? Do the selected works complement each other and interact together, or do they, on the contrary, contradict each other and confuse the reader?</p>
<p>Visual coherence: are the images reproduced with the same quality and care? Is the layout spacious or cluttered? Often, one piece per page is enough. Empty space is not a flaw; it gives breathing space and highlights the art on display.</p>
<p>Artistic coherence: do your various series or mediums seem to belong to the same artistic universe, to the same body of thought? Does your portfolio look like a jumbled showcase where everything is thrown together with no apparent relation?</p>
<h4>The artistic statement</h4>
<p>The artistic statement is often a tricky bit. It’s the text that explains what you do, why and how you do it. It’s a key element of the portfolio. And it’s often the part that&#8217;s hard to write.</p>
<p>The text should be as personal as possible and focus solely on you and your work. You can explain your creative journey, your artistic influences, your intentions, and your creative and production goals.</p>
<p>When I read your statement I ask myself three simple questions: What do you do? Why? How? If, after reading it twice, I can’t answer these clearly, it means there’s some groundwork to be done. Your work may be perfectly understandable, but the text isn’t expressing it clearly enough.</p>
<h4>How you display your work</h4>
<p>The order in which you present your work matters. The first image sets the tone. The last one leaves a lasting impression. In between, rhythm is key: alternate formats, colours and visual density. Moreover, if your selection is too extensive, the viewer loses track; if it is too sparse, the scope of your work is not apparent; and if it is poorly organized, your strongest pieces are not shown to their best advantage.</p>
<h4>Practical information</h4>
<p>Is each artwork properly captioned? Title, year, technique, dimensions, and photographer’s credit where necessary. This information may seem secondary, but its absence is immediately obvious to a jury or gallery owner. Is your artistic CV up to date, easy to read, and focused on your artistic activities? Are your contact details clearly visible?</p>
<h3>A summary of the review</h3>
<p>Once I have fully reviewed your portfolio, I will sent you structured, written feedback, including:</p>
<p>• A summary of the overall impression, as a professional reader might phrase it.<br />
• The identified strengths: what works, what should be kept, and what deserves to be highlighted even more.<br />
• Areas for improvement, expressed in a concrete and constructive way, to help you showcase your work more effectively.</p>
<p>The aim is not to tell you what to do, but to give you the tools and practical information to decide for yourself what you want to include in your portfolio.</p>
<h3>Why an outside perspective makes all the difference</h3>
<p>Simply because we’re always too close to our own work. We know the context behind every piece inside out, and the thought processes that led to every decision. And what seems obvious to you isn’t necessarily so to someone seeing your portfolio for the first time, especially when that person is the one you need to convince.</p>
<p>I’ve got into the habit of having my portfolio reviewed regularly. This external analysis allows me to tailor the presentation of my work to my artistic vision, to improve its coherence, and to secure grants, applications and find clients (galleries, collectors).<div class="vc_empty_space"   style="height: 28px"><span class="vc_empty_space_inner"></span></div>
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			<p>► Would you like to have your portfolio reviewed? Book a one on one session <a href="https://maiteleon.com/product/illustration-portfolio-review-40-minutes-one-on-one/">here</a>.</p>

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		<title>Cross-interview: Maite Leon + Flowink Myst</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/cross-interview-maite-leon-flowink-myst/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 May 2024 17:45:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Artists]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[architecture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flowink Myst]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[illustration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Maite Leon]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=7796</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Myrto Stathatou, aka Flowink Myst, is a Greek architect, graphic designer and illustrator adopted by the City of Lights. “Flowink Myst” comes from “flow” and...]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Myrto Stathatou, aka Flowink Myst</strong>, is a Greek architect, graphic designer and illustrator adopted by the City of Lights. “Flowink Myst” comes from “flow” and “ink” and her initials (MYrto STathatou). She mainly works for events, culture and publishing.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>Maite Leon</strong> is an artist and illustrator. Of Franco-Greek origin, she lives and works in Paris, for press, publishing and private clients. She also exhibits her work in France and abroad.</p>
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<h3>What is your background?</h3>
<p><strong>FM:</strong> I studied architecture in Athens then moved to Paris in 2011, seeking a more creative field of practice. I fell in love with the city, then I found my place in the artistic direction of parisian architecture agencies. I spent my days on 3D renderings, hand-drawn architecture visualisations and graphics charts (diagrams, logos, layout).</p>
<p>As the years went by and I passed 30, I began to wonder about the architect’s global lifestyle, including crazy working hours, casual sexism, but also about our impact on the urban area. I was working for an agency that besides their “craft oriented” communication was building low-cost projects, meant to last a few decades. Moreover, I was witnessing a certain industrialisation of the creative process and a stagnancy on climate issues. I decided to change my way a little before the Covid era.</p>
<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> I grew up in Greece. I went to the Lycée Français d&#8217;Athènes. I had a passion for languages, so I started by studying linguistics applied to law and economics at Paris X University. After that, I worked in several creative industries: I subtitled films for ten years (Titra-films, Arte), I was a proofreader and translator in publishing (Hatier, Seuil), I localized video games (Disney Interactive Studios, Ubisoft) and I worked with French cartoonist Plantu for twelve years in the press (Le Monde).</p>
<p>I love visual storytelling. I&#8217;ve been working as a full-time illustrator since 2021, and have been pursuing my artistic work for over fifteen years. Today, my clients are mainly in the press and publishing industries, as well as private individuals.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<!-- wp:image {"id":7816,"width":"498px","height":"auto","sizeSlug":"full","align":"center","className":"wp-image-7816"} -->
<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-image-7816"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="834" height="652" class="wp-image-7816" style="width: 498px; height: auto;" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SEAFOOD-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@@.jpg" alt="SEAFOOD-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SEAFOOD-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@@.jpg 834w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SEAFOOD-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@@-300x235.jpg 300w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SEAFOOD-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@@-768x600.jpg 768w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SEAFOOD-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@@-15x12.jpg 15w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SEAFOOD-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@@-600x469.jpg 600w" sizes="(max-width: 834px) 100vw, 834px" />
<figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Seafood, personal illustration, 2023 Maite Leon</figcaption>
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<h3>FM: Your work has a very personal touch, whatever the subject. How did you develop such a distinctive style?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> My style has developed over time. Initially, there was a desire to find a textured rendering that was close to traditional artwork, while working digitally. I draw my images by hand, and my textures in ink or acrylic, then I scan them to integrate them into my illustrations. My palette is made up of bright colours that bring up positive emotions.</p>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">ML: Your colour palette is also quite unique. Where does this choice come from?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>FM: </strong>As my style is quite realistic, I use colour to create a poetic, muted vibe, somewhere between dream and reality.<br />My choice of colours changed a lot when I switched to digital. The fact that I could change them quickly and test things out has allowed me to evolve and define my view on aesthetics in a more precise way. In the end, it’s funny to see that certain colours are consistent from illustration to illustration.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-image-7818"><img decoding="async" width="680" height="680" class="wp-image-7818" style="width: 680px;" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@.jpg" alt="FlowinkMyst2" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@.jpg 1200w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-300x300.jpg 300w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-150x150.jpg 150w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-768x768.jpg 768w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-12x12.jpg 12w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-550x550.jpg 550w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-1000x1000.jpg 1000w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-600x600.jpg 600w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst2@-100x100.jpg 100w" sizes="(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px" />
<figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Pink House, Digital illustration, Flowink Myst</figcaption>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">Where do you draw your inspiration from?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>FM: </strong>My inspiration comes largely from music itself, but also from the visual artists who worked in the music industry. Growing up in the years before the internet, I associated music with objects, posters, CDs, cassettes or vinyl records. As a kid, I used to daydream imagining stories inspired by music and album artworks. That’s where my curiosity for visuals came from. Nowadays, I find inspiration just about everywhere – there’s no shortage of references on social networks, but also in nature, modern society issues, environmental challenges, pop culture and many more.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> Everything around me inspires me. Everyday life, people, objects, nature. For me, it&#8217;s all about the eye and observation. I like to tell real or fictional stories, while adding an extra dimension, that of my own perception, and leaving room for the viewer&#8217;s imagination.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-image-7613"><img decoding="async" width="849" height="1200" class="wp-image-7613" style="width: 680px; height: auto;" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/CHILDHOOD-MEMORIES-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@.jpg" alt="CHILDHOOD-MEMORIES-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/CHILDHOOD-MEMORIES-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@.jpg 849w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/CHILDHOOD-MEMORIES-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@-212x300.jpg 212w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/CHILDHOOD-MEMORIES-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@-724x1024.jpg 724w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/CHILDHOOD-MEMORIES-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@-768x1086.jpg 768w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/CHILDHOOD-MEMORIES-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@-8x12.jpg 8w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/CHILDHOOD-MEMORIES-MAITE-LEON-ILLUSTRATIONS@-600x848.jpg 600w" sizes="(max-width: 849px) 100vw, 849px" />
<figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Childhood Memories, Pigment print, 50&#215;70 cm, Maite Leon 2023</figcaption>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">Which artists influenced your work?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> I love the poetry in the drawings of Italian artist Lorenzo Mattotti and British illustrator Owen Gent. Gérard Garouste&#8217;s astonishing paintings, those of William Bouguereau, Paul Watzlawick&#8217;s writings on the perception of reality and Laurent Durieux&#8217;s highly detailed film posters. Not forgetting Carl Jung and his writings on the subconscious. I have a particular affinity with the surrealist and symbolist movements. People, nature, everyday details and dreams are my main sources of inspiration.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>FM: </strong>I’m quite influenced by Tito Merello Vilar’s detailed yet ‘unfinished’ illustrations, Coco Che Jota’s paintings that combine design and lifestyle, and Carlo Stanga’s architectural illustrations. I’ve also been very influenced by Storm Thorgerson, photographer and creator of album covers for hundreds of iconic bands (including Pink Floyd), whose mysterious, ‘infinite’ compositions and atmospheres have fuelled my imagination.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-image-7823"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="680" height="680" class="wp-image-7823" style="width: 680px;" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST.jpg" alt="KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST.jpg 1240w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-300x300.jpg 300w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-150x150.jpg 150w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-768x768.jpg 768w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-12x12.jpg 12w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-550x550.jpg 550w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-1000x1000.jpg 1000w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-600x600.jpg 600w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/KIPLAN-THERES-NO-COLORS-FLOWINK-MYST-100x100.jpg 100w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px" />
<figcaption class="wp-element-caption">There&#8217;s no colours, digital illustration for the Kiplan EP cover, Flowink Myst</figcaption>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">FM: There&#8217;s a very dreamlike dimension to your work. Dreams are one of your favourite subjects. How did you come up with this idea?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> I&#8217;m a big dreamer, and have been ever since I was a child. I&#8217;ve always paid attention to dreams and I naturally became interested in other people&#8217;s dreams. In 2023, I wrote a self-published artist&#8217;s booklet entitled &#8221; Dreams &amp; Nightmares &#8221; (in French) in which I collected several testimonies that I illustrated. Dreams are both intimate and universal, a language shared by everyone, regardless of frontiers. It&#8217;s a subject that fascinates me and that I&#8217;m developing as part of my work as an artist.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-image-7824"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="759" height="463" class="wp-image-7824" style="width: 818px; height: auto;" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Livret-RevesetCauchemars-Maite-Leon-p26-27@.jpg" alt="Livret-RevesetCauchemars-Maite-Leon" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Livret-RevesetCauchemars-Maite-Leon-p26-27@.jpg 759w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Livret-RevesetCauchemars-Maite-Leon-p26-27@-300x183.jpg 300w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Livret-RevesetCauchemars-Maite-Leon-p26-27@-18x12.jpg 18w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Livret-RevesetCauchemars-Maite-Leon-p26-27@-600x366.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 759px) 100vw, 759px" />
<figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Pages from the &#8220;Dreams &amp; Nightmares&#8221; booklet, Maite Leon, 2023</figcaption>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">What projects are you working on right now?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>FM: </strong>I’m currently working on an album cover recorded at Abbey Road Studios in London, which will be released this summer, and on the graphic chart for a Paris-based company that helps musical projects to make their way in the music industry.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph -->Behind the scenes, I’m working on a new series of illustrations called <em>Utopicities 2050</em>, inspired by solarpunk and the ‘Transition Towns’ network. My aim is to illustrate the scenario where major social change is taking place for the following twenty years, so climate crisis, collapsing biodiversity, crumbling democracy and sustainability challenges reduce or even reverse in 2050.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph -->I initially started out with the idea of inventing a utopia. Following deep research into sustainability issues, I discovered plenty of work on solutions already applied in other parts of the world. I currently draw an ‘alternative’ society, where I imagine the application of all these initiatives to our local urban area and lifestyle.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-image-7825"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="680" height="658" class="wp-image-7825" style="width: 680px;" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst3@.jpg" alt="FlowinkMyst" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst3@.jpg 1300w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst3@-300x290.jpg 300w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst3@-1024x991.jpg 1024w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst3@-768x743.jpg 768w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst3@-12x12.jpg 12w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst3@-600x581.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px" />
<figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Paris 2050: The asphalt is gone, nature takes over the Haussmannian facades and permaculture settles in the city. Flowink Myst.</figcaption>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph -->I see this series as an opportunity to stimulate the collective imagination and serve as a starting point for constructive conversations. Besides, I’d love to share my research and everything that inspires <em>Utopicities 2050</em>.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph -->I’m launching <strong>a call for collaborative participation </strong>open to all: members of my private (and free) community will be able to access several sources of positive inspiration, independent initiatives, collective brainstorming sessions, take part in polls related to the content of upcoming illustrations, and/or simply follow the series’ progress closely.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph -->If you&#8217;d like to be part of the journey, please send &#8220;teammate&#8221; to <a href="mailto:flowinkmyst@gmail.com">flowinkmyst@gmail.com</a>.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML: </strong>This summer I&#8217;ll be doing an artist&#8217;s residency for a few weeks at the Openbach gallery in Vincennes, during which I&#8217;ll be carrying out visual and painterly research in preparation for two exhibitions planned for September and December on the theme of dreams.<br />Alongside this, I&#8217;m developing a new editorial project on dreams, and I&#8217;m putting out a <a href="https://maiteleon.com/dream-illustration/">call for testimonials</a> on my website, open to all, to collect new dream stories. If you&#8217;d like to take part, please write to me at <a href="mailto:contact@maiteleon.com">contact@maiteleon.com</a>.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">Do you have any other artistic/creative interests besides illustration?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> Yes, I love exploring different fields of creativity because it fuels my work. For the last two years, I&#8217;ve been practising opera singing and learning to read music. Before that, I did theatrical improvisation in English and artistic fencing for three years. And contemporary dance in an amateur company for eight years.<br />This year, I also took part in a writing workshop run by French poet Florentine Rey, which gave me the opportunity to illustrate several texts I&#8217;ve written.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>FM: </strong>I&#8217;ve been playing music for a while, piano, synth and bass. I still perform with blues, rock and psychedelic bands here and there and really enjoy jamming with friends, it gets me out of my solitary work routine.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">What do you listen to when you work?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> Mainly podcasts in English about illustration or film music by Ramin Djawadi or Marco Beltrami to immerse myself directly in a certain atmosphere favourable to a state of flow. I also enjoy listening to films or TV series while I&#8217;m drawing.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>FM: </strong>It depends on the season. At the moment, I listen to a lot of psychedelic folk and minimalist music for anything that requires concentration. In winter, I’m more into punk, post-punk and new wave sounds, while in summer I switch to a more prog rock playlist, like the Steams, King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard, Psychedelic Porn Crumpets etc.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">What projects would you like to carry out in the future?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> As an artist, I would very much like to work on a large mural, do an artist residency abroad, in the Baltic States or elsewhere, and take part in a collaborative project with other artists, for a creation or with a view to an exhibition.<br />I&#8217;d also like to continue illustrating book covers, short texts and, of course, dreams.</p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>FM: </strong>I’d love to work with musicians to design their logos, cover art and posters – I love the creative spark and the multitude of visions.<br />I’d also love to do more illustrations for architects who work consciously and want to do things differently. Stepping out of your comfort zone and saying no to 3D isn’t always easy, but drawing is a tool that changes the way clients and people in general look at your projects.<br />I’d also like to do illustrations for women architects, who represent only 7% of architectural firms. For this purpose, there’s a book project that I’m working on with the historian Alma Smoluch. I hope that I can tell you more soon.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-image-7828"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="680" height="771" class="wp-image-7828" style="width: 680px;" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst4@.jpg" alt="FlowinkMyst" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst4@.jpg 1146w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst4@-264x300.jpg 264w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst4@-903x1024.jpg 903w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst4@-768x871.jpg 768w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst4@-11x12.jpg 11w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FlowinkMyst4@-600x681.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px" />
<figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The Blue House, Flowink Myst<br />Architectural illustration of the Orteaux childcare centre (Paris 20th arrondissement) by the winner of the Female Architect 2022 Award, Christelle Avenier from Avenier Cornejo Architectes</figcaption>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color" style="color: #000000f0;">Where can we see your work?</h3>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>FM:</strong> On my website <a href="https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u=d3423e322ea7766eca9875782&amp;id=00f9be8214&amp;e=a31869ab10" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u%3Dd3423e322ea7766eca9875782%26id%3D00f9be8214%26e%3Da31869ab10&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1716134998246000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1iCQpBzhSnL3Z7PCc0ViNH">flowinkmyst.com</a>, on Instagram <a href="https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u=d3423e322ea7766eca9875782&amp;id=93f6ed4ec3&amp;e=a31869ab10" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u%3Dd3423e322ea7766eca9875782%26id%3D93f6ed4ec3%26e%3Da31869ab10&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1716134998246000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1rA3j51775uag6XdOMOZpA">@flowink_myst</a> and Facebook <a href="https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u=d3423e322ea7766eca9875782&amp;id=acb06c5b05&amp;e=a31869ab10" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u%3Dd3423e322ea7766eca9875782%26id%3Dacb06c5b05%26e%3Da31869ab10&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1716134998246000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0B4wzPMttnMLRnkVbqTpgl">@flowinkmyst</a></p>
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<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><strong>ML:</strong> On my website, <a href="https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u=d3423e322ea7766eca9875782&amp;id=1475071da8&amp;e=a31869ab10" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u%3Dd3423e322ea7766eca9875782%26id%3D1475071da8%26e%3Da31869ab10&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1716134998246000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1j_hcPEvgY4Gb8y9I4YKVy">maiteleon.com</a> and on Instagram <a href="https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u=d3423e322ea7766eca9875782&amp;id=7222889101&amp;e=a31869ab10" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u%3Dd3423e322ea7766eca9875782%26id%3D7222889101%26e%3Da31869ab10&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1716134998246000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0FDPzYq-BSRzyTw6HfNTPW">@maite_leon_illustrations</a>. I also have a <a href="https://maiteleon.us19.list-manage.com/track/click?u=d3423e322ea7766eca9875782&amp;id=47390a34f5&amp;e=a31869ab10">monthly newsletter</a> that you can subscribe to if you want to follow my news.</p>
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		<title>Bribes de vie…</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/bribes-de-vie/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Mar 2023 13:09:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Short stories]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=6895</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Je t’aperçois à travers la grande baie vitrée du café. Tu te dores sur un rayon oblique de soleil. Tu cherches la chaleur par cette journée hivernale où les températures frisent le zéro.]]></description>
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			<h2 class="p1"><span class="s1">Le pigeon</span></h2>
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Je t’aperçois à travers la grande baie vitrée du café. Tu te dores sur un rayon oblique de soleil. Tu cherches la chaleur par cette journée hivernale où les températures frisent le zéro. Tu trembles. Ton plumage est dégarni. J’aperçois la peau rosâtre sous les plumes. Je ressens ta souffrance à travers la vitre et t’envoie des ondes curatives par la pensée, car tu m’as l’air si mal en point. </span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Deux pigeons bien dodus s’approchent. Ils tournent autour de toi. Je me demande quelles sont leurs intentions. Compassion ou indifférence face à un congénère blessé ? Ils se précipitent sur toi, bec en avant. Affolé, tu agites tant bien que mal tes ailes dégarnies et j’entrevois des plaques rouges squameuses le long de ton corps. J’ai de la peine pour toi, j’essaie de comprendre ce qui justifie leur agressivité. Est-ce un acte de charité pour précipiter ton trépas et abréger tes souffrances ? La nature est bien mystérieuse.</span></p>
<p><span class="s1">Avec ces reflexions, j’ai du mal à me concentrer sur mon travail. Je me tourne vers mon écran en essayant de fuir ce drame qui se déroule sous mes yeux. Un quart d’heure plus tard je regarde par la fenêtre ; </span></p>

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			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Les gens qui passent sur ton chemin, te regardent apitoyés. Certains sont totalement indifférents, plongés dans leur conversation téléphonique, d’autres font un petit pas de côté en te voyant. Tu as changé de place. Tu es presque au milieu de la petite rue qui longe le café. Est-ce délibéré ? Ton corp chétif est tout tremblant. Les voitures n’arrêtent pas de passer, telles de grandes créatures rugissantes. J’ai un serrement au coeur en imaginant ton trépas sous une voiture. Je retourne à mon écran pour chasser ces idées funestes. </span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Vingt minutes plus tard je regarde dehors. Je ne te vois pas. Soulagée, je n’y pense plus. J’ai terminé de bosser. Il est temps de rentrer à la maison. Je vais régler mes consommations. Je sors du café, te cherche du coin de l’oeil. Là, sur le bas côté du trottoir git ton petit corps disloqué. Une roue miséricordieuse a mis fin à ton calvaire. Chamboulée, je n’ose pas passer par là. Je pars dans la direction opposée et fais le tour du pâté de maisons avant de regagner mon domicile, perplexe devant ce drame qui s’est joué sous mes yeux : suicide réussi, accident tragique d’une triste banalité ou tout simplement le cours naturel de la vie ?</span></p>

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		<title>Du sommeil au rêve : le grand plongeon</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/du-sommeil-au-reve-le-grand-plongeon/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2023 16:38:07 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Illustration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cauchemars]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dreams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rêves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sleep]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sommeil]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=6812</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Le sommeil est une fonction vitale de l'organisme. C'est aussi le portail des rêves et des cauchemars. Pourquoi rêve t-on ? À quoi servent les rêves ? Que se passe t'il quand on dort ? Voici quelques réponses.]]></description>
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		La condition caractéristique du rêve, c’est le sommeil. Arthur Schopenhauer	</p>
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			<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Le sommeil est une fonction biologique vitale de l’organisme. Nous ne pouvons pas vivre sans dormir. Il est indispensable pour la croissance, la maturation cérébrale, le développement cognitif. Il est essentiel pour l’ajustement des sécrétions hormonales et le bon fonctionnement du système nerveux central et pour la regulation de nos dépenses énergétiques et de notre température corporelle. On passe un tiers de notre vie à dormir et à rêver. Qu’est-ce qui se passe quand on plonge dans le sommeil ? Pourquoi rêve t-on ? Quelle est la fonction des rêves ou des cauchemars ?</p>
<h4 class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Les rêves, c’est quoi ?</b></h4>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Les rêves sont des productions mentales qui surviennent pendant le sommeil, comportant des interactions avec des personnages, des dialogues, des scénarios et des émotions dont la complexité peut varier. Lorsque l’on rêve, les zones du cerveau qui s’activent sont différentes de celles qui sont actives en état de veille. Tout le monde rêve sans exception même les personnes qui pensent n’avoir jamais rêvé de leur vie ou celles qui ne se souviennent pas de leurs rêves.</p>
<h4 class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Qu’est-ce qu’un cauchemar ?</b></h4>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Un cauchemar est un rêve dont le contenu est désagréable et éprouvant. Il peut être associé à des émotions intenses qui génèrent des modifications physiologiques plus importantes que dans le rêve classique, avec une accélération du rythme cardiaque, de la respiration et des contractions musculaires, et peut réveiller le dormeur. Ce qui différencie le rêve du cauchemar c’est l’émotion ressentie au réveil. Les cauchemars ne sont pas toujours associés à un sentiment d’angoisse et peuvent être bien vécus par ceux qui en font régulièrement.</p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Les terreurs nocturnes sont des accès brefs de panique qui surviennent en sommeil profond, plus fréquentes pendant l’enfance.</p>
<h4><b>Pourquoi fait-on des cauchemars ?</b></h4>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Pour la même raison que l’on fait des rêves. Ils mettent en scène des situations qui peuvent simuler des menaces afin de nous aider à nous y préparer. Et nous permettent ainsi, de mieux assimiler nos émotions. Les situations de vie anxiogènes peuvent favoriser la production de cauchemars. Les femmes y seraient plus sujettes, notamment sur des thématiques interpersonnelles. Les hommes eux, seraient plus sujets a des cauchemars liés à des situations exogènes, des catastrophes naturelles, par exemple.</p>
<h4><b>À quoi servent les rêves ?</b></h4>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Les rêves contribuent à l’acquisition de certains souvenirs, et à consolider la mémoire procédurale. Il permettent ainsi de réguler les emotions et à intégrer les expériences émotionnelles vécues.</p>
<h4><b>Pourquoi ne se souvient-on pas de nos rêves ?</b></h4>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">80% des adultes se souviennent en moyenne de un à trois rêves par semaine. Cependant, certaines personnes sont incapables de se remémorer le moindre rêve sur des périodes parfois très longues.</p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Le fait de ne garder aucune mémoire d’avoir rêvé peut dans certains cas avoir des causes organiques ou être lié à un problème d’encodage des souvenirs au cours du sommeil : au réveil le rêve ne s’imprime pas dans la mémoire.</p>

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			<h4><b>De quoi rêve-t-on ? </b></h4>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">En moyenne, on fait cinq rêves par nuit. Les rêves sont des succession d’images, sensations qui surviennent dans certaines phases de sommeil. Ils se produisent lors de la phase de sommeil paradoxal mais peuvent aussi se produire dans d’autres phases. Leur durée peut varier de quelques secondes à plusieurs minutes. Ce sont généralement des condensés de notre activité diurne ou des jours précédents.</p>
<h4><b>Les phases du sommeil et les rêves</b></h4>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Le sommeil est constitué de quatre phases successives, dont la durée varie au cours d’une nuit de sommeil et selon les individus : l’endormissement, le sommeil lent léger, le sommeil lent profond et le sommeil paradoxal. Elles existent chez tout le monde. Un cycle de sommeil dure environ 90 minutes et se répète généralement de 4 à 6 fois au cours de la nuit. La durée des cycles s’allonge pendant la nuit.</p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Lors de l’endormissement, nos yeux se ferment, notre respiration se calme, des images hypnagogiques peuvent surgir qui nous amènent vers le sommeil lent léger. À ce stade on se réveille facilement en cas de bruit, ou une lumière, par exemple. Le sommeil lent léger est la porte du sommeil.</p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Si on n’est pas réveillé, on plonge vers le sommeil lent profond, durant lequel on est profondément endormi, et on se réveille difficilement. Tout l’organisme est au repos, les muscles sont décontractés,<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>le rythme cardiaque est ralenti, et la pression artérielle est basse. Puis on repasse en sommeil lent léger ou on peut se réveiller facilement. Si on reste endormi, on plonge en sommeil paradoxal.</p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Le sommeil paradoxal est la phase où nous rêvons le plus. Il occupe environ un quart du temps de sommeil total, et sa durée augmente, cycle après cycle. Le corps est totalement relâché, mais les mouvements oculaire sont rapides (REM, Rapid Eye Movement). Le rythme cardiaque ou la respiration peuvent s’accélérer selon le contenu du rêve. Cette phase dure jusqu’au réveil.</p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Le sommeil et le rêve se produisent chez tout le monde, y compris les animaux : des chercheurs du Massachusetts Institute of Technology de Cambridge ont découvert une activité cérébrale similaire lors du sommeil paradoxal chez les animaux. Des chercheurs de l’université de Chicago ont même établi que les oiseaux apprenaient à chanter quand ils rêvaient.</p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Notre activité nocturne de rêveurs<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>recèle plusieurs aspects à explorer.</p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">Dans un prochain article, je m’attarderai plus en profondeur sur le contenu des rêves. Un sujet qui me tient particulièrement à coeur, en lien avec mon projet de livret d’artiste où je collecte et <a href="https://maiteleon.com/illustration-de-reves/">illustre les rêves et cauchemars</a> des gens. N’hésitez pas à <a href="mailto:contact@maiteleon.com">me contacter</a> pour toute question.</p>

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			<p><strong>Sources :</strong></p>
<p><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/blog/realitesbiomedicales/2017/03/17/tout-le-monde-reve-meme-ceux-qui-disent-ne-jamais-rever/">Tout le monde rêve même ceux qui disent ne jamais rêver</a> (Le Monde)<br />
<a href="https://www.inserm.fr/actualite/preuve-tout-monde-reve/">La preuve que tout le monde rêve</a> (Inserm)<br />
<a href="https://institut-sommeil-vigilance.org/a-quoi-servent-les-reves/">À quoi servent les rêves ?</a> (Institut National du Sommeil et de la Vigilance)<br />
<a href="https://www.chuv.ch/fr/sommeil/cirs-home/patients-et-familles/a-quoi-sert-le-sommeil">À quoi sert le sommeil ?</a> (Centre d&#8217;Investigation et de Recherche sur le Sommeil)<br />
<a href="https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/ethologie-qui-d-autre-reve">Éthologie : Les animaux rêvent-ils aussi ?</a> (Courrier International)</p>

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		<title>In Plantu&#8217;s Archives</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/in-plantus-archives/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 30 Jul 2022 17:35:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Artists]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[archives]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BnF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dessin de presse]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plantu]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[press cartoon]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=5927</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Thanks to the implementation of an optimized archiving system in 2009, we managed to catalogue 50 years of original press cartoons by Plantu, editorial cartoonist and caricaturist at Le Monde newspaper from 1972 to 2021. This is how it all began.]]></description>
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	In Plantu's Archives: A collection of 30 000 cartoons	</h2>

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	By Maite Leon, personal assistant to Plantu at daily newspaper Le Monde, from October 2009 to May 2021 (Updated in 2025)	</h4>

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			<p>I started working at the French daily <a href="http://www.lemonde.fr/"><i>Le Monde</i></a> in November 2009, and this was the beginning of a new archiving system and an eleven, almost twelve-year endeavor. These were not just any archives, but quite simply 50 years of original press cartoons drawn by Plantu, an editorial cartoonist and caricaturist at Le Monde since 1972 and with whom I had the pleasure of working, until his retirement from the newspaper, in March 2021. This is how it all starts.</p>
<p>On a rainy morning of winter 2009, someone from general services calls to ask me what to do with the Plantu boxes lying around in the fourth basement. On the spot, I discover, piled up in a corner, boxes filled with speckled archival boxes, scattered around, containing documents. To my great surprise, some of them are torn open and their contents are spilled out on the floor: these are not just any documents, but original ink drawings! I immediately ask that these boxes are moved to my office, which has a lock. I tell Plantu, who can&#8217;t believe it: he thought that his boxes were well protected, and not in a storage room, with all sorts of old furniture, easily accessible&#8230;</p>
<p>Once the boxes are safely stored in my office, I begin a brief inventory: 40 blue and green speckled cardboard boxes, each containing about 200 original ink and marker drawings, in addition to the 65 other boxes already in cabinets in my office, for a total of 21,000 drawings, according to a first estimate. On closer inspection, I notice that some of the boxes correspond to published books: they contain originals, but also copies of drawings filed in other boxes. At the time, it was easier for Plantu to find a drawing according to the book in which it was published. It becomes therefore necessary to sort the contents of all the boxes, remove all the duplicates, and refile everything according to their indexing number.</p>
<p>The first work of indexing the originals was carried out by Plantu himself in the 1970s and, from the 1980s, by Brigitte Rocquin, his assistant at the time. An identification number was assigned to each drawing. I will describe the archiving procedures used over the years on all of his work, both for the paper and the digital archives.</p>
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			<h3>The early archives</h3>
<p>Plantu publishes his very first drawing in <i>La Vie du rail</i> on September 13, 1970. In the 1970s, he also has drawings published in <i>VRP syndicaliste</i>, <i>Génération, Panurge, Pourquoi pas, Pariscop, Un plus un</i>, <i>Bonne Soirée France</i> and <i>Belgique</i>, <i>Télé magazine</i> and he starts working for <i>30 Jours d&#8217;Europe</i>. These are mainly drawings in Indian ink executed with a very fine Rotring pen. They are stored in archival boxes labeled as follows: the number of the box, then the indexing numbers of the drawings (first and last) and, finally, the dates of publication (of the first and last drawing). In september 2019, there are 123 boxes.</p>
<p>In the 1980s, Plantu publishes his drawings in <i>Témoignage chrétien, La Vie, Le Monde diplomatique, Le Monde de l&#8217;éducation, Le Monde dossiers et documents, Les Dossiers de l&#8217;étudiant, Croissance des jeunes</i> <em>nation</em><i>s, La Croix, La Mèche, Sin Censura, Réforme </i>and<i> Tumulte.</i> In 1981, he publishes in <i>Record</i> (now <i>Phosphore</i>), <i>La Non-Violence politique, Tambour, Turbule, Terre des hommes, Télérama </i>(1983)<i>, Demain Le Monde </i>(1984)<i>, Libération, Le Soir, La Grosse Bertha</i> and <i>Pèlerin magazine</i> (1986).</p>
<p>He publishes his very first drawing in <a href="http://www.lemonde.fr/"><i>Le Monde</i></a>, in the edition of the daily newspaper dated October 1 &#8211; 2, 1972 <i>(fig.1)</i>. The original drawing in Indian ink is part of a donation of 500 original drawings, intended for the collection of the Department of Archives and Prints of the <a href="https://www.bnf.fr/sites/default/files/2019-07/cp_don_Plantu.pdf"><i>National Library of France (BnF)</i></a><i>.</i></p>

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			<p><span style="color: #808080;">(fig.1)<em> Plantu&#8217;s first drawing Published in Le Monde, October 2nd, 1972</em></span></p>

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			<p>The original drawings from the 1980s usually don&#8217;t have a publication date, only an index number and a few keywords. Centralizing and cross-referencing all the information in an Excel file made it possible to cross-check the data from the paper drawings and the digital images in order to identify, date and classify them in the archive boxes and in the digital files.</p>

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			<h3>The 1990&#8217;s archives</h3>
<p>Plantu publishes his first drawing in <i>L&#8217;Express</i>, on February 7, 1991. The first drawings published in the weekly are in black and white and the addition of color is done gradually. Plantu  provided meticulous indications for the placement of colors for the photo engraving: with flat areas or vignettes with precise indications. Here is an example of an archive drawing declined as follows: the copy of the original drawing with the necessary indications <i>(fig.2)</i>, the original drawing in ink <i>(fig.3)</i>, a copy version colored in felt-tip pen <i>(fig.4)</i> and a layout template for the printmaker for the color setting <i>(fig.5)</i>:</p>

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			<p><em><span style="color: #808080;">(figs.2, 3, 4, 5)</span></em></p>

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			<h3>Archives in the years 2000</h3>
<p>The format of the original drawings change, and sometimes Plantu makes a drawing in several parts: he can now scan them easily, which makes his work easier. The archived drawings have more elements: the color copy of the drawing as it was published in the press <i>(fig.6)</i>, then the original drawing in ink in A4 or even A3 format <i>(fig.7)</i>, drafts in black and white or color felt-tip pen <i>(fig.8 and 9)</i>, color or black and white flat tints which are used as an indication to the printmaker for four-color printing <i>(fig.10)</i>, as well as sometimes, a color copy of the front page of <a href="http://www.lemonde.fr/"><i>Le Monde</i></a> with the drawing:</p>

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			<p><em><span style="color: #808080;">(figs.6, 7, 8, 9, 10)</span></em></p>

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			<h3 style="text-align: left;">The digital archives</h3>
<p>The digital archiving of Plantu&#8217;s drawings is done in the years 2000, once the technical means make it possible. As the scans of the drawings at the time have insufficient resolution, it is necessary, starting in 2009, to rescan a large part of the collection, in particular the color versions of the drawings as they were published. Subsequently, we undertake to scan the black and white (BW) originals and the drafts from the 2000&#8217;s that exist in paper format but have never been scanned, that is to say nearly 20,000 images in JPG format at 400 dpi.</p>
<p>The color images in JPG format are stored on a server I shared with Plantu. This server has two main folders: a thematic folder, where each drawing is classified by theme, for example &#8220;Emmanuel Macron&#8221;, &#8220;Human Rights&#8221;, &#8220;Democracy&#8221; or &#8220;Society&#8221;, which contains 450 thematic folders and about 66,000 files (JPG drawings, PDFs, i.e. a volume of 77 GB of documents) and a chronological folder where all the drawings (without drafts) are classified by year and month, and which comprises almost 25,000 drawings.</p>
<p>In order to optimize the classification of the images and to harmonize their indexing, I set up a simplified system for the naming of the image files in the following form: year, month, day, theme/keywords, publication medium and the file resolution:</p>
<p>ex. : [21404-2018-08-21-MACRON-BENALLA-Le Monde-400.JPG]</p>
<p>In February 2013, I ask Odile Gaultier Voituriez, head of the archives at <a href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/"><i>Sciences P</i>o</a>, for advice on the most efficient archival software, particularly those capable of processing images and associated metadata, in order to find the most suitable method for our internal use of Plantu&#8217;s archives. This leads me to create, at the time, an additional and complementary indexing source outside our shared server: a &#8220;NOMENCLATURE&#8221; folder which gathers all the colour JPGs, the JPGs of the originals, and the JPGs of the scanned drafts, classified by indexing number in 22 folders divided by thousands, ranging from zero to 22,000, in the following format: indexing number, year, month, day, theme/keywords, publication medium, image size:</p>
<p>ex. : [21027-2017-10-11-CATALOGNE-Xe-SOURIS-L’Express-600.JPG]</p>
<p>In 2009, I create an Excel spreadsheet that centralizes and summarizes all the data for each drawing in 11 columns as follows: index number, publication date, caption (dialogue or description of the drawing), keywords, status (published/unpublished), publication (title of the publication medium), books (in which the drawing was published), notes (various information about the drawing, whether it was given or sold, etc.), presence of the original BW (Yes/No), appendices (details about the nature of the appendices, drafts, colour plates, copies), the presence of the original BW (Yes/No), the annexes (details on the nature of the annexes, drafts, colour plates, copies). In March 2018 I add another column to list the 500 drawings donated to the <a href="https://www.bnf.fr/en"><i>BnF</i></a><i> </i>and, in 2019, a new column (in purple) for a precise full count of the originals.</p>
<p>This database, updated on a daily basis, took several years to complete. By cross-checking the data with the &#8220;Nomenclature&#8221; file, it became possible to find and correctly date up to 80% of all Plantu&#8217;s published drawings.</p>

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			<h3>Press-books</h3>
<p>Over the years, Plantu consistently listed the publications of his drawings in various media. This meticulous work allowed me to find the dates and media of publication of all his works, as well as to recreate his collection of originals by including copies of the missing drawings. This research took years and required the occasional help of interns. From 1970 to June 1972, Plantu&#8217;s drawings are filed in spiral photo albums <i>(fig.11)</i>. He marks the date and medium of publication. The index numbers in red are added in 2018 <i>(fig.12)</i>.</p>

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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="247" height="300" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_3031-247x300.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium" alt="" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_3031-247x300.jpg 247w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_3031-scaled-600x730.jpg 600w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_3031-768x935.jpg 768w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_3031-841x1024.jpg 841w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px" />												</div>
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			<p><em><span style="color: #808080;">(figs.11, 12)</span></em></p>

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			<p>Later on, Plantu chooses Clairefontaine notebooks numbered from 1 to 87 in which he cuts and pastes his press articles, sometimes mentioning the date and medium of publication. The index numbers and missing dates are added in red in 2018, for indexing purposes (<i>fig.13</i>).</p>

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			<p><em><span style="color: #808080;">(fig.13)</span></em></p>

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			<p>From 1975 onwards, Plantu chooses stapled metal press-books, numbered from 1 to 75 and dated, which were still used in 2021 for all the press clippings (<i>fig. 14 and 15)</i>:</p>

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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="261" height="300" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_4561-261x300.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium" alt="" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_4561-261x300.jpg 261w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_4561-scaled-600x690.jpg 600w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_4561-768x884.jpg 768w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IMG_4561-890x1024.jpg 890w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 261px) 100vw, 261px" />												</div>
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			<p><em><span style="color: #808080;">(figs.14, 15)</span></em></p>

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			<h3>The tools</h3>
<p>The tools we mainly used since I joined <a href="http://www.lemonde.fr/"><i>Le Monde</i></a> in 2009, are: a XEROX and then a KONICA high-resolution printer, which enabled us to make scans and colour copies of the drawings in 400 dpi. All image processing (cropping, cleaning, file naming) was done on Photoshop, on MAC OS X and the data recording in the Excel database was done on a PC, Windows 7 Pro.</p>

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			<h3>The other archives</h3>
<p>Plantu&#8217;s archives also include his entire bibliography (more than 65 published personal collections of press cartoons, up to 2021), also listed in digital form, and the interviews. The paper versions are in the press-books, but the filmed videos and recorded broadcasts are saved on hard disk. There are also paper and digital archives of all his exhibitions, some volume works and sculptures, stored in a special room in <a href="http://www.lemonde.fr/"><i>Le Monde</i></a> and after the newspaper&#8217;s relocation in 2020, on another location, along with administrative files and letters from readers.</p>
<p>Plantu&#8217;s work is extremely rich, as he is a very prolific cartoonist, and we felt it was essential to complete this archiving work. This enabled us to quantify, identify and find all of his publications, more than 90% of which are now in the archives.</p>
<p>I would like to thank all those who facilitated this work, the team from <a href="http://www.lemonde.fr/"><i>Le Monde</i></a>&#8216;s IT department, who were able to solve all our technical problems, the occasional contribution of trainees assigned by the <i>BnF</i>, and volunteers, who took some part in sorting and classifying the originals, in the computer processing of the images, and who helped to feed our database. We would like to thank Laurence Engel, then President of the <a href="https://www.bnf.fr/en"><i>BnF</i></a>, as well as Martine Mauvieux, who was in charge of the collections of press drawings in the Department of Prints and Photography, where the entire collection is now stored. It has been a real challenge to carry out such a large-scale archival work, which we hope will be a goldmine for researchers and beneficial to future generations.</p>
<p><b>Maite Leon</b></p>
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			<p>More information:<br />
• <a href="https://www.bnf.fr/fr/actualites/plantu-signe-lentree-de-lessentiel-de-sa-collection-de-dessins-la-bnf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The BnF website</a><br />
• <a href="https://www.francetvinfo.fr/culture/livres/plantu-fait-don-de-sa-collection-de-500-dessins-au-site-gallica-de-la-bnf_3520841.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Article on Franceinfo Culture (in French)</a><br />
• Plantu&#8217;s Interview on Europe 1 (in French):</p>
<audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-5927-1" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019-07-05-Europe-1-Mathieu-Noël@.mp3?_=1" /><a href="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019-07-05-Europe-1-Mathieu-Noël@.mp3">https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019-07-05-Europe-1-Mathieu-Noël@.mp3</a></audio>

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		<title>The Uncertain Certainty</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/the-uncertain-certainty/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 28 Nov 2021 17:32:06 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Artists]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[De Chirico]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[painting]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=6970</guid>

					<description><![CDATA["The uncertain certainty", is an illustration inspired by Giorgio de Chirico's painting "The Uncertainty of the Poet", 1913.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>The Uncertain Certainty</em>, is an illustration I did, inspired by Giorgio de Chirico&#8217;s painting <em>The Uncertainty of the Poet</em>, 1913.</p>
<p>Born in Greece in 1888, Giorgio de Chirico was inspired by Greek mythology; arcades, statues and unrealistic perspectives are recurring themes in his paintings. Passing trains represent his father who was a railway transport engineer. The artichokes are depicted in a few of his paintings and also in <em>Melancholy of an Afternoon</em>, painted in the same period.</p>
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		<title>Flies</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/flies/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 11 Mar 2021 18:41:49 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Illustration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Symbolism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[insects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[symbols]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=4895</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Flies are some of my favorite insects to draw. There is something gracious about them, always cleaning up, despite their reputation of filth. They are...]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Flies are some of my favorite insects to draw. There is something gracious about them, always cleaning up, despite their reputation of filth. They are misunderstood, like most creatures we give negative (human) attributes to&#8230;</p>
<p>Let me know what you think about flies&#8230;</p>
<p>The insect fly plays a vital role in the cycle of life. It has both a positive and a negative representations in symbolism:<br />
In Western art, dating back to Medieval times, flies were used to symbolize decay, death and rot of the flesh and soul. In Christian symbolism, a fly hovering over a church official or nobleman indicates disfavor with the  king or corruption and dereliction of duty, and a fly hovering over a maiden or noblewoman suggests shamelessness or a woman given to lustful actions. As the fourth Biblical plague of Egypt, flies also represent death and decay.</p>
<p>However, as a totem, the fly spirit animal symbolizes abundance and prosperity during times of adversity. It sends the message that by being persistent, consistent, and determined even in the face of adversity will bring success.</p>
<p>In dreams, flies buzzing are inviting you to be cautious of an unusual and unpleasant event in the works.</p>
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		<title>Pears</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/pears/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 11 Feb 2021 16:53:24 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Illustration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Symbolism]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=4864</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The pear is a fruit which has one of the strongest symbolic charges. In the West, like the apple, it represents femininity, but with more...]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The pear is a fruit which has one of the strongest symbolic charges. In the West, like the apple, it represents femininity, but with more nobility and class.</p>
<p>&#8220;Fruit of the gods&#8221;, according to Homer, it was banished by the clergy, because it also symbolizes temptation. In Baroque art, it represents fertility.</p>
<p>In China, its country of origin, the pear is a symbol of separation and is never shared between spouses, friends or partners.</p>
<p>In Greek mythology the pear tree is associated with Hera and the apple tree with Aphrodite. In the Heraion of Mycenae, one of the oldest sanctuaries dedicated to Hera, statues of the cult of the goddess were carved from pear wood.</p>
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		<title>Venus</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/venus/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 05 Sep 2020 18:34:21 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Illustration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Symbolism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Aphrodite]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Venus]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=6983</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Digital painting inspired by Renaissance painting &#8220;The Birth of Venus&#8221; by Sandro Botticelli (15th Century). This is a personal interpretation, made from digital drawings inspired...]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Digital painting inspired by Renaissance painting &#8220;<em>The Birth of Venus</em>&#8221; by Sandro Botticelli (15th Century).<br />
This is a personal interpretation, made from digital drawings inspired from vintage photographic elements.<br />
The mythological deity, symbolizes renewal and life : Aphrodite Goddess of Desire, rose naked from the foam of the sea, riding on a scallop shell&#8230;</p>
<p>(Robert Graves, The Greek Myths, 1955)</p>
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		<title>Francis Bacon : l&#8217;apparence de la réalité</title>
		<link>https://maiteleon.com/francis-bacon-lapparence-de-la-realite/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maite LEON]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Oct 2019 15:54:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Artists]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Exhibition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Francis Bacon]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://maiteleon.com/?p=4519</guid>

					<description><![CDATA["Je peux rêver tout éveillé et ressentir les tableaux que je voudrais faire : ils s’allument comme des diapositives qui ne sont pas très détaillées, elles sont une impression générale de ce que je veux faire. Les personnages se développent en cours de travail, ils deviennent mieux définis et parfois ils se transforment complètement."]]></description>
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			<blockquote><p>
J&#8217;aime commencer à travailler très tôt le matin, car tout me vient plus facilement à ce moment-là. Quand je travaille, je n&#8217;aime pas avoir des gens autour de moi, je me sens beaucoup plus libre tout seul. Quand je suis seul, je peux laisser la peinture me dicter, plutôt que d&#8217;avoir conscience d&#8217;une présence autour de moi. Ainsi, les images que je fais, ce que je mets sur la toile, me dictent petit à petit ma peinture, ça prend forme et ça vient. C&#8217;est pour cela que j&#8217;aime être seul, livré à la désespérance d&#8217;être capable de mettre quelque chose sur la toile.
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Je peux rêver tout éveillé et ressentir les tableaux que je voudrais faire : ils s&#8217;allument comme des diapositives qui ne sont pas très détaillées, elles sont une impression générale de ce que je veux faire. Les personnages se développent en cours de travail, ils deviennent mieux définis et parfois ils se transforment complètement.
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<blockquote><p>
La chance et le hasard jouent un rôle important dans mes toiles et peuvent se manifester partout, dans la manière d&#8217;appliquer la peinture, et cette manière, peut tout d&#8217;un coup suggérer une forme. J&#8217;utilise des pinceaux relativement gros, même pour des petits tableaux. Un trait suggère le trait suivant, à partir duquel je développe. Parfois, après avoir travaillé, je suis tellement écœuré par ce que j&#8217;ai fait, ça me rend tellement malade que j&#8217;attrape le pinceau et barbouille des grands traits partout. Saloperie ! Je n&#8217;y arriverai jamais ! Et puis d&#8217;un coup, de ce chaos surgit la possibilité d&#8217;une image à laquelle je n&#8217;avais pas pensé.(&#8230;)
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J&#8217;utilise des photographies comme on utilise des modèles. Elles sont beaucoup moins inhibantes que d&#8217;avoir le sujet assis devant soi. Il est exact que je n&#8217;ai fait que les portraits de gens que je connaissais déjà très bien et que j&#8217;avais beaucoup vu mais j&#8217;ai toujours des photographies d&#8217;eux auxquelles je peux me référer pour me rafraîchir la mémoire. (&#8230;)J&#8217;achète parfois des livres dans des librairies médicales, non pas que je puisse les utiliser directement, mais les couleurs sont parfois tellement belles, qu&#8217;elles suggèrent d&#8217;autre façons d&#8217;appliquer la couleur sur la peau.
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			<div id="attachment_4527" style="width: 316px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4527" class=" wp-image-4527" src="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Dune-de-sable-2-e1570810390621.jpg" alt="" width="306" height="414" srcset="https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Dune-de-sable-2-e1570810390621.jpg 664w, https://maiteleon.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Dune-de-sable-2-e1570810390621-600x813.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 306px) 100vw, 306px" /><p id="caption-attachment-4527" class="wp-caption-text">Sand Dune &#8211; 1983</p></div>

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			<blockquote><p>
Dans le tableau de la<i> Dune de sable (1983)</i>, certains y voient curieusement un rapport avec le corps humain. Je ne l&#8217;ai jamais envisagé comme ça, c&#8217;est juste une dune de sable. Je l&#8217;ai peint avec la poussière de mon atelier que j&#8217;ai eu beaucoup de mal à soulever du plancher. (&#8230;) Je l&#8217;ai récupérée avec un chiffon que j&#8217;ai collé à même la peinture humide. Une fois le tableau sec, j&#8217;ai étalé la poussière avec du pastel. Le seul problème avec l&#8217;utilisation du pastel, c&#8217;est que la poussière se colore. (&#8230;) Le pastel m&#8217;a parfois permis d&#8217;obtenir une couleur impossible à trouver dans la peinture à l&#8217;huile ou dans l&#8217;acrylique. (&#8230;) La poussière semble quelque chose d&#8217;éternel. Sur mes toiles, elle ne s&#8217;est pas altérée en 40 ans. (&#8230;) J&#8217;utilise mes murs comme palette. Je serai très triste de quitter cet endroit. Je me sens chez moi dans le chaos. Le chaos me suggère des images. Je ne peux vivre que là. L&#8217;art, c&#8217;est d&#8217;essayer de tirer quelque chose du chaos de l&#8217;existence.
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Ce que j&#8217;admire chez Picasso, c&#8217;est la brutalité du fait : il arrive a exprimer la crudité de la vie de manière directe, extraordinairement aiguë ; On a le sentiment du fait lui-même, sans la volonté de l&#8217;exprimer. Dans l&#8217;oeuvre de Velasquez, c&#8217;est le ton et l&#8217;atmosphère qui m&#8217;ont hanté et fasciné. Sa méticulosité, son merveilleux sens de la couleur et un extraordinaire contrôle de la représentation. Les dessins de Michel-Ange, m&#8217;ont donné le sens des possibilités de volume dans le corps humain. C&#8217;est l&#8217;enseignement le plus important que j&#8217;en ai tiré. J&#8217;ai aussi été très influencé par les films <i>La grève</i> de Sergei Eisenstein ou <i>Le chien Andalou</i> de Luis Buñuel, qui avaient tous deux une extrême précision de l&#8217;imagerie. Ils ont conditionné toute mon attitude à l&#8217;égard du visuel, à la netteté des images que je voulais produire.</p>
<p>Je sais bien que maintenant, avec tous les moyens modernes, le cinéma, les films, la question est : comment capturer la réalité ? Comment capturer l&#8217;apparence sans en faire une simple illustration ? C&#8217;est un des grands combats et des défis passionnants que doit relever l&#8217;artiste figuratif d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui. Pour essayer de fixer la vie, le peintre doit pouvoir abréger jusqu&#8217;à l&#8217;intensité, aller vers une simplicité sophistiquée. Pour moi, ce qui fait un grand portrait, c&#8217;est le réalisme de l&#8217;image qui par-delà toutes les déformations, toutes les altérations, vous ramène à la personne que vous êtes en train de saisir. C&#8217;est extrêmement difficile, car nous sommes dans les confins du réalisme.(&#8230;)
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<p>Extraits libres du documentaire de Michael Blackwood, <i>Francis Bacon, Au-delà du réel : La vérité </i>(BBC, 1997)</p>
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<div dir="ltr">Plus d&#8217;informations :</div>
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<div>&gt; <a href="http://bit.ly/Expo-Bacon-CentrePompidou"><b>Bacon en toutes lettres.</b></a> En ce moment et jusqu’au 20 janvier 2020, le Centre Pompidou consacre une vaste exposition à Francis Bacon sur ses oeuvres de 1971 à sa mort en 1992.</div>
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<div>&gt; <a href="https://youtu.be/lmuWR6fUCWQ"><strong>Interview du Commissaire de l&#8217;exposition</strong></a> <em>Bacon en toutes lettres,</em> (Le Point)</div>
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<div dir="ltr">&gt; <a href="https://youtu.be/h0iWdjh4Xkg"><strong>Francis Bacon, 1964</strong></a> &#8211; Les archives de la RTS</div>
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